Monascin and Ankaflavin Have More Anti-atherosclerosis Effect and Less Side Effect Involving Increasing Creatinine PhosphokinaseActivity than Monacolin K under the Same Dosages
Chun-Lin Lee, Yu-Ping Hung, Ya-Wen Hsu,and Tzu-Ming Pan
J. Agric. Food Chem. 2013, 61, 143−150
Monacolin K has long been considered a major effective component in the hypolipidemic functions of Monascus. Monacolin K also serves as a well-known hypolipidemic medication, but its side effect myopathy is a concern. Monascin and ankaflavin, the yellow pigments produced by Monascus species, have been proven to possess hypolipidemic functions; however, no studies have compared the hypolipidemic effects of monascin, ankaflavin, and monacolin K under the same dosages. In this study, the equal dosages of monascin, ankaflavin, and monacolin K were oral administrated to hamsters fed a high cholesterol diet for 6 weeks. Comparison of the displayed hypolipidemic and anti-atherosclerosis effects was performed, in addition to an investigation into the inducement of side effect. The results indicated that monascin and ankaflavin were similar to monacolin K in significantly reducing total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in serum and lipid plaque (p < 0.05) in the heart aorta. In addition, ankaflavin achieved the effects of serum TC and TG reduction, with no significant difference as compared to those effects of monacolin K (p > 0.05). However, as compared to monacolin K, ankaflavin possessed more significant effects on the prevention of fatty liver and lipid plaque accumulation in heart aorta. More importantly, monascin significantly enhanced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations, while monacolin K displayed the opposite effect. Regarding the side effect, monacolin K also raised elevated creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) activity, which was highly correlated with rhabdomyolysis development, while monascin and ankaflavin did not induce such a side effect. In conclusion, MS and AK had the potential to be developed as hypolipidemic agents without rhabdomyolysis development.
[血脂] Monascin & Ankaflavin抗動脈粥狀硬化作用
紅麴中的 Monacolin K 一直被認為是一個具降血脂功能的主要有效成分。 Monacolin K 也可作為一種著名的降血脂藥物，但其副作用肌肉病變是一個問題。紅麴中生產的黃色素 monascin 和 ankaflavin ，已被證實具有降血脂功能；然而目前沒有研究比較相同劑量之 monascin、ankaflavin 和 monacolin K 對於降血脂的作用。在這項研究中，給予倉鼠口服相同劑量 monascin, ankaflavin 和 monacolin K並餵食高膽固醇飲食 6 週。進行比較所顯示的降血脂和抗動脈粥樣硬化的影響，除了副作用的誘因影響。結果顯示，monascin 和 ankaflavin 與 monacolin K相似，都具有顯著降低血清及心臟主動脈脂質斑塊中的 TC、TG 和 LDL-C (p< 0.05) 標準。此外，ankaflavin 在降低血清中 TC 和 TG 與 monacolin K相比沒有顯著性差異 (p > 0.05)。然而，與 monacolin K 相比，ankaflavin 對於預防脂肪肝和心臟主動脈脂質堆積具有更加顯著的影響。更重要的是，同時顯示 monascin 具顯著提高 HDL-C 濃度與 monacolin K效果相反。關於副作用，monacolin K 被提出會提高肌酸磷酸激𡓨（CPK）活性，與橫紋肌溶解症發展具高度相關性，而 monascin 和 ankaflavin 不會引起此副作用。結論，MS 和 AK有可能發展為降血壓藥物不會造成橫紋肌溶解症的發展。
|
