Monascus-Fermented Yellow Pigments Monascin and Ankaflavin Showed Antiobesity Effect via the Suppression of Differentiation and Lipogenesis in Obese Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet
J. Agric. Food Chem. (2013) 61: 1493-1500.
Chun-Lin Lee, Ja-Yan Wen, Ya-Wen Hsu, and Tzu-Ming Pan
Monascus-fermented monascin and ankaflavin are found to strongly inhibit differentiation and lipogenesis and stimulate lipolysis effects in a 3T3-L1 preadipocyte model, but the in vivo regulation mechanism is unclear. This study uses obese rats caused by a high-fat diet to examine the effects of daily monascin and ankaflavin feeding (8 weeks) on antiobesity effects and modulation of differentiation, lipogenesis, and lipid absorption. The results show that monascin and ankaflavin had a significant antiobesity effect, which should result from the modulation of monascin and ankaflavin on the inhibition of differentiation by inhibiting CCAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) expression (36.4% and 48.3%) and its downstream peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) (55.6% and 64.5%) and CCAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα) expressions (25.2% and 33.2%) and the inhibition of lipogenesis by increasing lipase activity (14.0% and 10.7%) and decreasing heparin releasable lipoprotein lipase (HR-LPL) activity (34.8% and 30.5%). Furthermore, monascin and ankaflavin are the first agents found to suppress Niemann-Pick C1 Like 1 (NPC1L1) protein expression (73.6% and 26.1%) associated with small intestine tissue lipid absorption. Importantly, monascin and ankaflavin are not like monacolin K, which increases creatine phosphokinase (CPK) activity, known as a rhabdomyolysis indicator.
[血脂] 紅麴發酵黃色素 MS 與 AK 顯示出具有抑制高熱量飲食誘發大鼠肥胖藉由抑制脂肪分化與生成
紅麴發酵物 MS 與 AK 已經被發現對於 3T3-L1 前脂肪細胞模式具有強的抑制分化、增生與促進脂解作用，但對於體內調控之機制仍然未知。本研究使用高熱量飲食誘發肥胖大鼠並每日餵食 MS 與 AK 為期八周探討對抗肥胖與調控脂肪分化、增生與脂質吸收。結果顯示 MS 與 AK 具明顯的抗肥胖效果，其可能的機制為 MS 與 AK 藉由抑制 C/EBPβ (36.4% and 48.3%) 與其下游 PPARγ (55.6% and 64.5%) 與 C/EBPα (25.2% and 33.2%) 表現並且增加脂解𡓨活性 (14.0% and 10.7%) 與降低 HR-LPL 活性 (34.8% and 30.5%) 達到抑制脂肪增生。此外，MS 與 AK 第一次被發現能抑制小腸脂質吸收蛋白 NPC1L1 (73.6% and 26.1%) 表現。比較重要的，MS 與 AK 不同於 MK 會增加橫紋肌溶解症指標 CPK 活性。
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